ORIGINAL RESEARCH

 

Ditlhohlo tše Malutere a Borwa bja Afrika a lebanego natšo

 

The challenges facing Lutherans in South(ern) Africa

 

 

Elelwani B. Farisani

Department of Biblical and Ancient Studies, University of South Africa, South Africa

Correspondence

 

 

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ABSTRACT

This article seeks to discuss what the future appears to hold for Lutheranism in South Africa. In order to do this, it is important to look at the past through the history and involvement of Lutheranism in South Africa. This will show the strengths, weaknesses, challenges, and opportunities for Lutheran theology and the Lutheran churches in South Africa in relation to Lutheranism in its global context. Accordingly the article starts off by providing a brief history of Lutheranism in South Africa, examining the role of missionaries from Germany, Norway and Sweden in establishing Lutheranism in South Africa. The article also looks at how apartheid divided the faithful along racial lines, thereby pointing to the challenges, weaknesses, as well as the strengths of the mission of Lutheran churches in this part of Africa. It then moves on to discuss some challenges before Lutheranism in South Africa today. Some of the challenges discussed in this article are as follows: (1) efforts to unite the Black and White Lutherans have so far not succeeded, (2) the role of Lutheran theological education in equipping ministers to address current societal challenges, (3) financial sustainability, (4) African Religious Pluralism, (5) the promotion of gender sensitivity and equality amongst Lutheran congregants, (6) ethnicity and (7) the role and status of self-supporting ministry. And, finally, the article highlights few issues about the changing world of Lutheranism globally.

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Matseno

Go tšwa historing ya Kereke ya Lutere, go molaleng gore kereke ye e theilwe tabeng ya go nyakana le kereke ya mmakgonthe, go e fapantšha le kereke ya bofora (Kistner & Buthelezi 1976:21ff.). Go molaleng gape gore bobedi kereke ya therešo le ya bofora di šomiša Lentšu la Modimo dithutong tša tšona. Le ge go le bjalo, go tšwa go dikanegelo tše di lego gona, go laetša nke nepo ya Luther ya go thoma kereke ye e be e le matšapa a go kwešiša 'ka fao kereke e hlangwago le go nošetšwa ka gona,' (Kistner & Buthelezi 1976:22) gape o be a dumela kudu gore taba e kgolo ke ya Lentšu la Modimo leo ka lona Kriste a šomago le go ba gona ka gare ga kereke. Nepo ya taodišwana ye ke go ahlaahla se se bonalago e le bokamoso bja Bolutere ka Afrika-Borwa. Go dira seo, go bohlokwa go lebelela go tše di fetilego ka histori le seabe sa Bolutere mo Afrika-Borwa. Seo se tlo laetša maatla, mafokodi, ditlhohlo le dibaka tše botše tša Thutatumelo ya Lutere le dikereke tša Lutere ka Borwa bja Afrika¹ tšwalanong le Bolutere ditšhabatšhabeng. Ka yona tšela yeo, histori ya Bolutere ka Borwa bja Afrika e tlo ba motheo wa taodišwana ye.

 

Histori ye Kopana ya Bolutere ka Borwa bja Afrika

Go ya ka Richard Elphick, ka morago ga ngwagakgolo wa bomasomepedi Bokriste bo gotše ka go makatša magareng ga Maafrika, e lego lekala le legologolo la go gola ka lebelo gape leo le nago le khuetšo ye kgolo ya sepolitiki mo setšhabeng sa Afrika-Borwa - go tloga diphesenteng tše 26 tša Maafrika ka 1911 go fihla go tše 76 ka 1990 (Elphick 1997:1). Ga go makatše ge kgolo ye e ka amanywa le go intšha sehlabelo/sedimo ga baruti ba boromiwa ba bopulamadibogo bao ba hlwatheditšego tlhase ya Lentšu la Modimo mengwageng ye mentši ya go feta, gomme ya kekišwa ke modiro wa boromiwa wa badudi ba naga yeno go dira Bokriste seo bo lego sona lehono mo Afrika-Borwa.

Ngwageng wa 1994, palo ya Malutere lefaseng ka bophara e be e eme go dimilione tše 60, moo palo ya dimilione tše 7.6 e lego mmung wa Afrika. Go tšwa malokong a, bjalo ka ge George Scriba le Gunnar Lislerud ba laetša, palo ye e ka bago 842 000 (go balwa Barobia) e be e le ka Afrika-Borwa moo palo ya Malutere e bopago karolo ye nnyane ya setšhaba sa Afrika-Borwa (Scriba & Lislerud 1997:173). Ka godimo ga ngwagakgolo pele ga fao, go ile gwa begwa gore Malutere a be a feta teetharong ya palo ya ditisi tša baromiwa mo Borwa bja Afrika, mola dikereke tše dingwe ka moka di be di laola peditharong ge di hlakane ka moka. Lebaka la palo ye nnyane ya Malutere ka Afrika-Borwa e ka ba e hueditšwe ka lebaka la matšapa a a tšeneletšego a go gasa Lentšu la Modimo le modiro wa boromiwa woo kereke e o dirago ka boineelo le lerato le legolo.

Go hlongwa ga Bolutere mo Afrika-Borwa e be e se modiro wa motho goba mokgatlo o tee eupša ke dipoelo tša matsapa a mohlakanelwa a baruti ba baromiwa le mekgatlo ye mmalwa. Baromiwa ba badumedi ba ile ba rongwa Afrika-Borwa ke dikereke tša go fapafapana tša Sekriste go tlo tšwetša pele mediro ya boebangedi go obamela molaetša wa thomo wo o ngwadilwego ka go Mateo 28:19. Ge e le ka lehlakoreng la kereke ya Lutere, Baromiwa ba sedumedi go tšwa Jeremane, Norway le Sweden ba tlišitše tumelo ya Bolutere Afrika-Borwa gomme ba hloma diphuthego magareng ga Maafrika le bafaladi ba Makgowa. Dithomo tšeo di be di eya ka merafe/mehlobo (Scriba & Lislerud 1997:173). Moromiwa wa mathomo yo a tlilego ka nepo e tee fela ya go sokolla badudi ba setšo e be e le Morabia, Georg Schmidt wa Hermhut (Kritzinger 1988:14). Ka morago ga Schmidt, dihlopha tše dingwe tša baromiwa go tšwa dikerekeng tša Lutere tša Jeremane di ile tša tla Afrika-Borwa. Dihlopha tša boromiwa bja Lutere go tšwa Jeremane go balwa le Rhenish Missionary Society, Berlin Missionary Society le Hermannsburg Missionary Society, di ile tša tšwetša pele mediro ya baromiwa dikarolong tša go fapana go akaretšwa le dinageng tše dingwe tša Borwa bja Afrika (Kritzinger 1988:14-16). Le nankhono dikereke tša Lutere mo Borwa bja Afrika (Afrika-Borwa le Namibia) di sa arogane go ya ka semorafe.

Nakong ya kgethologanyo ya semorafe, Evangelical Lutheran Church in Southern Africa (ELCSA) le United Evangelical Lutheran Church in Southern Africa (UELCSA) di be di se ngatana/kgopana e tee go lwantšheng kgethologanyo ya semorafe yeo e bego e goeleditšwe go ba thogako go botho ke Ditšhaba tše di Kopanego. Le ge go le bjalo, ka morago ga 1975 ge go hlangwa ELCSA ye e kopanego, ye e bego e tletše ka Babaso, go ile gwa tšwelela sebaka sa Malutere go ema kgahlanong le kgethologanyo ya semorafe go tšwa kerekeng yeo e bego e kgabagantše mellwane ya semorafe (Scriba & Lislerud 1997:192). Lekgotla la Lutheran World Federation le be le le kgahlanong le kgethologanyo ya semorafe ka Afrika-Borwa le Namibia, gomme kemokgahlanong le kgethologanyo ya semorafe e ile ya tia le go feta dikopanong tše mmalwa tša boditšhabatšhaba. Dintlhakemo tše pedi tša go tšhwenyega ga dikereke di ile tša tsebišwa phatlalatša kopanong ya Bohlano le ya Boselela ya Lutheran World Federation Assemblies ka 1970 mo Evian, Fora le ka 1977 Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Lekgotla la Lutheran World Federation kua Evian le dirile kgoeletšo go dikereke tša maloko a lona go tla ka mananeo a go fedisa semorafe le go hloka toka mo kerekeng le setšhabeng ka kakaretšo, gomme la tšea sephetho sa go roma dikemedi go ya go begela maloko ka go kgotšofatša dinepo tše, pele le ka tšwela pele go aba thušo ya lona dikerekeng tšeo. Ka 1977 kua Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, lekgotla le ile la itebanya thwii le dikereke tša Lutere tša Borwa bja Afrika ka go goeletša gore maemo a Kereke ka Afrika-Borwa a be a go se thulane le maemo a ditaba ka tšela ya kgatelelo, ao ka ona kereke e bego e le kotšing ge e sa thulane le kgethologanyo ya semorafe (Scriba & Lislerud 1997:193).

Le ge go le bjalo, diphuthego tša kereke ya Lutere tša Makgowa ga se tša ka tša sekegela taba yeo ya boipiletšo le keletšo ya Lutheran World Federation tšebe. Kopanong ya lekgotla la Lutheran World Federation mo Budapest ka 1984, go ikgotšofaditšwe ka la go re diphuthego tša Afrika-Borwa tša Lutere tša Makgowa di ganne boikgafo bja setšwalle go kopana mmogo mo maemong a diphuthego, le go fetša ka go re Malutere a Makgowa a ka se thuše a Babaso ntweng ya bona thulanong le kgethologanyo. Ka fao lekgotla le ile la boutela go fegwa ga boleloko bja Evangelical Lutheran Church in South Africa (Motšekapa) le German Evangelical Luthern Church mo Afrika-Borwa-Bodikela (Namibia), tšeo ka moka e lego dikereke tša Makgowa (Scriba & Lislerud 1997:193).

Kgethologanyo e ile ya ntšha badumedi diripa go ya ka mmala, gomme ya šupa go ditlhohlo, mafokodi, mmogo le mabokgoni a boromiwa bja dikereke tša Lutere go leno la Afrika go fihla le la nankhono.

 

Ditlhohlo pele ga Bolutere mo Afrika-Borwa

Dikereke tša Lutere ka Afrika-Borwa di lebane le ditlhohlo tše mmalwa lehono. Go molaleng gore taodišwana ye e ka se fetše go ahlaahla ditlhohlo ka moka tše di lebanego le Malutere ka Afrika-Borwa lehono, eupša e fa ka kakaretšo kgopolo ka mathata le dibaka tšeo dikereke karolong yeno ya lefase di lebanego le ona; gape go molaleng gore le ka moso ditlhohlo tšeo di tla no ba gona.

Tlhohlo ya pele yeo maemo a setšhaba ka morago ga kgethologanyo ya semorafe a e lebanyago le dikereke tša Lutere e nepiša matšapa ka moka a go amanya dikereke tša Malutere tša Babaso le tša Makgowa, gomme go fihla gabjale ga se a atlega (Scriba & Lislerud 1997:173). Taba ya go hlobaetša ke gore dikereke tša Lutere ka Afrika-Borwa le Namibia le nankhono di sa arogane go ya ka mmala. Go bohlokwa gore dikereke tša Lutere mo Afrika-Borwa di tšee magato a go bonagala go kopanya dikereke tše di aroganego go ya ka mmala. Seo se tlo dira gore ka kgonthe ba tšhepagalele tumelo ya bona ya go re Kereke ya Bokriste e tlemagane e be ya nnete go tla nyakega gore go rerwe ebangedi ya kgonthe ye e hlapilego (Scriba & Lislerud 1997:23).

Taba ya bobedi ya seruti ya go hlobaetša ke ya gore ge go nyakanwa le go ahlaahla bokamoso bjo maemo a dikereke a lego go bjona, ka therešo seelo sa mmakgonthe tabeng yeo e tlo ba thuto. Go ya ka mehlodi ye e lego gona, go molaleng gore thuto e na le seabe se segolo mo bokamosong bja dikereke tša Lutere ka Afrika-Borwa. Gabotse, go laetša gore thuto ke wona motheo wo bokamoso bja Kereke ya Lutere ka Afrika-Borwa o swanetšego go agwa godimo ga wona.

Go bohlokwa go lemoga gore le ge dikereke tša Afrika-Borwa di sa arogane go ya ka semorafe, mmogo gona di sa laola Mokgatlo wa Thutabodumedi wa Lutere (Lutheran Theological Institute), e lego lenaneo la tlhahlo ya boruti le le thomilwego ka ngwaga wa 2003. Baithutelaboruti go tšwa dikerekeng tša makala a a mabedi ba tšenela dithuto mmogo, ba dula mmogo le go swara dithapelo tša tšatši ka tšatši mmogo. Go holofelwa gore tshepedišo ye ya go dira dilo mmogo gape e tlo dira gore moloko o mofsa o batamelane, gomme se e tlo ba kgato ya mathomo ya mošito go tiiša botee dikerekeng tše pedi tše.

Tlhohlo ya boraro ke ya go ikema ka lehlakoreng la ditšhelete (Scriba & Lislerud 1997:179). Dikereke tša Lutere di ithekgile kudu ka letšeno le meneelo ya maloko a tšona. Le ge go le bjalo, meneelo ye ya go tšwa diphuthegong ga e kgontšhe dikereke tša Lutere, kudukudu ELCSA, go phethagatša pitšo le thomo ya tšona magareng ga maloko a tšona le setšhabeng ka kakaretšo. Taba ye ke kgonthe ye e lego mahlong yeo e paledišago Malutere go phethagatša mediro ya go rera Lentšu, go ruta le go hlankela ba bangwe. Ka fao go na le tlhokego e kgolo dikerekeng go tla ka mananeo a nako e telele ao a tlogo di kgontšha go ba le bokgoni ditabeng tša ditšhelete. Gape, go tloga go kgonagala go fihlelela maemo ao bjalo ka ge diphuthego tše dingwe le didiko tša ELCSA di šetše di ikgona ge go etla ditšheleteng.

Tlhohlo ya bone ke ya lehlakore la Thutabodumedi ya Lutere ka Afrika-Borwa. Scriba le Lislerud ba eme ka la go re mo go Thutabodumedi ya Bolutere, Bibele ke mothopo wa motheo wa go ba le maatla wa thuto ya kereke ya Lutere, bjalo ka molao, wo o ahlolago modiradibe pele ga Modimo, gape le bjalo ka Lentšu la Modimo leo le begago go lokafatšwa goba go amogelwa ga modiradibe pele ga Modimo e le ka kgaugelo fela (Scriba & Lislerud 1997:174). Go iša pele, ka go tšeba gore Malutere a Afrika-Borwa a latetše dithuto tša ditumelo tše dingwe tša setšo go swana le go latela tumelo ya mahlakoremabedi go šireletša le go lokafatša maitšhwaro ao medu ya ona e lego ditumelong tšeo di ka se nyalanywego le Lentšu la Modimo (Kistner & Buthelezi 1976:26), ka fao ge, go ba bohlokwahlokwa go thulana le taba ya go aroganya ditaba tša semoya le tša bophelo bja ka mehla, e lego seo se tlogo tšwela pele go aroganya lapa la Malutere mo Afrika-Borwa. Ka tšela yeo, dikereke tša Lutere ka Afrika, di swanetše go kgonthišiša gore Thutatumelo ya tšona e amane le maemo a ditaba tša bophelo bjalo ka bodiidi, HIV/AIDS, bogologolo (setšo), toka, leago le ekonomi, bjalobjalo.

Klaus Nurnberger (2005), rathutadingwalo wa Moafrika-Borwa wa Kereke ya Lutere, mo pukung ya gagwe ye mpsha ya go bitšwa, Martin Luther's Message for us today: A Perspective from the South, o tšea matšapa a go tšenya molaetša wa Martin Luther go Maafrika-Borwa ka go latela ditšela tše tharo kgaolong ye nngwe le ye nngwe: sa pele, o leka go laetša seo a rego ke dintlha tše bohlokwa tša lenaneo la Thutatumelo ya Lutere. Sa bobedi, o nyakišiša kwešišo ya ditaba tša Lutere go Afrika-Borwa lehono. Sa boraro, o tšinkela tšela ya Lutere ya tšhekatšheko ya ditaba.

Tlhohlo ya bohlano ke ya go ata ga ditumelo tša Afrika. Bakriste ba bangwe ba Maafrika ba phela mafaseng a mabedi a tumelo, e lego lefaseng la setšo le la sebjalebjale. Go bontši bja Maafrika, therešo ke gore go lefase la setšo, merero ya semoya le ya bophelo e swere tšela e tee ya phedišano. Kereke ya ka moso ya Lutere e tlo swanelwa ke go lemoga kgakanego ye gomme e thuše badumedi go humana maemo a maleba a magareng. Baruti ba mathomo ba baromiwa mo Afrika ba paletšwe ke go amogela maatla a Afrika a semoya, gomme ba nyaka ge Maafrika a lahla setšo sa ona ka mešogofela gore e be Bakriste ba paale. Musimbi Kanyoro o opile kgomo lenaka ge a re bokamoso bja Kereke ya Lutere ka Afrika bo ithekgile godimo ga tšela yeo Maafrika a tlogo fetolela dikereke tša ona ka gona go ba dikereke tša Lutere tša Afrika, e sego go ba dikereke tša Lutere ka Afrika (Kanyoro 2008:30).

Tlhohlo ya boselela ke go godiša go phafogela ditaba tša bong le tekatekano magareng ga maloko a kereke. Go bohlokwa go laetša gore kereke ya ELCSA e be e šetše e thomile go hlomamiša baruti ba basadi bogareng bja mengwaga ya bo-80, le ge e se didiko/ditaosese ka moka tše di bego di thekga ditlhomamišo tše bjalo tša basadi. Lehono didiko/ditaosese ka moka tše šupa tša ELCSA di hlomamisa baruti ba basadi, gomme ditini/baokamedi tše pedi ke basadi. Le ge go le bjalo ga se gwa hlwa go e ba le dipišopo tša basadi. Ditemana tša go swana le 1 Bakorinthe 7; 11:2-6; 1 Bakorinthe 14:33b-36; Bakolose 3:18; Baefeso 5:22-23 le 1 Timoteo 2:11-15 di šomišitšwe go gatelela basadi ka kerekeng le setšhabeng. Le ge go le bjalo borathutatumelo le bangwadi ba šetše ba lemogile taba ye, gomme gape ba šetše ba ikarabetše ka ditšela tša go fapana tša go bona gore, gape le go fihlelela tekatekano ya bong ka kerekeng (Farisani 2006b:155ff.; Oduyoye 2000b). Setšo le bodumedi le tšona di kgatha tema mo kgatelelong ya basadi. Bodumedi, go ya ka fao Mangwalo a Makgethwa a hlathollwago ka gona, bo šomišitšwe go thekga le go dira gore kgatelelo ya basadi e be taba ye e lego ye kgethwa, e be e bonwe e le molao wa go tšwa go Modimo woo o ka se ganetšwego (Ayanga 1999:91). Bona gape mesomo ye e latelago, Anne Nasimiyu-Wasike (1992:103), see also Rabiatu Ammah (1992:83-84).

Dikereke tša Lutere di swanetše go hlatholla Mangwalo a Makgethwa (Bibele) ka tšela yeo e tlogo hlama le go thuša basadi go itokolla tabeng ya go no amogela maemo ao setšhaba se ba fago ona. Tabeng ye boitšhwaro bo swanetše go fetoga go nyalelana le molaetša wa Kriste wa go re beine ye mpsha e ka se tšhelwe ka nkgong ye e onetšego. Gapegape kereke e swanetše go ba mohlala wo o phelago wa setšhaba sa basadi le banna ba ba lokologilego: setšhaba se se tlogago se lokologile ka nnete ka Kriste (Farisani 2006b:155ff.). Bona gape Newton. K. Maina (1999:137); Mercy Oduyoye (1995:101); Oduyoye and Kanyoro (1992:2ff.); Ammah (1992:83-84) and Lloyda Fanusie (1992:140-154). Go ya pele, ditemana tše dingwe bjalo ka Bagalata 3:28 di ka šomišwa go fetola maitšhwaro a go nyamiša mabapi le basadi diphuthegong tša rena lehono (Farisani 2006a:53ff.; Oduyoye 2000a:137; Rakoczy 2004:202).

Tlhohlo ya bošupa ke ya semorafe. Ditemana tša Bibele di šomišitšwe ka bosaedi go hlohleletša kgethollo ya semorafe le dithulano mo Afrika. Maimela o paka gore mo Afrika, phapano ya semorafe e šomišwa ke boradipolitiki go tliša tšhenyo (De Jong 1999:5; Maimela 1997:118; Oddland 1997:83). tšhenyo ye bjalo e bjala dithulano gare ga ditšhabana le semorafe, e lego ditaba tše di ilego tša hlola dintwa tša bana ba thari, dikgakgano, bofaladi, le go fediša setšhaba sa Afrika (Farisani 2004:24ff.; Maimela 1997:118). Go ya pele Maimela o hlaloša gore mo Afrika-Borwa dikakanyo tša sepolitiki tša kgethologanyo go ya ka mmala wa motho, di šomišitšwe ka go gaba therešo ya phapano ya merafe go tšwetša pele ditlhologelo tša leago le ekonomi gammogo le sepolitiki tša Makgowa a bagateledi (Maimela 1997:118). Maimela o tšwela pele go re gopotša gore bathekgi ba kgethollo go ya ka semorafe ba šomišitše Mangwalo a Makgethwa go thekga dikgopolo tša bona. O bolela gore temana ye ba bego ba e rata kudu ke ya kanegelo ya Mmoto wa Babele ye e bolelago ka go hlakahlakana ga maleme. Go latelwa kanegelo ye go laetša gore ditšhaba di swanetše go aroganywa gore di dule kgole le kgole, ka ge go tšewa gore ke thato ya Modimo. Karoganyo ye ya ditšhaba ga se ya ka ya fetolwa le mošomong wa Kriste wa poelano. Ka go realo, lengwalo la Ditiro tša Baapostola le laodiša gore go bolela ka maleme a šele nakong ya Tšhologo ya Moyamokgethwa e dio ba fela gore Moya wo Mokgethwa o kgontšhitše merafo ya go fapana go kwana ka polelo (Maimela 1997:118).

Bjale ge go le ka tšela ye, seabe sa dikereke tša Lutere e swanetše go ba sefe go rarolleng bothata bja serafe? Go ithekga tabeng ya go re batho ba bantši bao ba angwago ke dithulano tše ke maloko a kereke, gona kereke e na le tema ye e swanetšego go e kgatha tlhohleletšong ya phedišanommogo le kwano magareng ga merafe ya go fapana. Ka fao, kereke e swanetše go gatelela gore ga go na phošo go ba le merafe ya go fapana, eupša bothata ke semorafe seo se aroganyago batho gammogo le go tliša tshenyo (Farisani 2004; Getui 1999:10ff.; Gichure 1999:25ff.; Nambala 1997:33).

Gore kereke e be le maatla go lebana le dithulano tša semorafe ka mahlong mo setšhabeng, e swanetše go lwantšha dithulano tša semorafe ka gare ga yona pele (De Jong 1999:6; Nambala 1997:33). Go thwe kereke maemong a mabjalo, e swanetše go hlohleletša botee ka gare ga go fapana (Farisani 2004; Oddland 1997:64; Pierli 1999:33ff.; Shorter 1999:64). Ka fao, dikereke tša Lutere di swanetše go hlohleletša tšhomiso ya Mangwalo a Makgethwa bjalo ka ditšela tša dithulano tša go hlolwa ke semorafe le lehloyo la batšwantle le ge go tšebja gore magoro a semorafe ka mo Mangwalong a Makgethwa a somisitšwe go laola le gatelela gammogo le go busa batho (Brett 1996:8).

Tlhohlo ya boseswai ke paka ya mošomo wa go ba ka ofising ga mopišopo. Molaotheo wa ELCSA ke wa temokrasi mo tshepedišong ya go kgetha bagolo/badiredi, ditini/balaodi le mopišopo. Molaotheo o laetša gore paka ya mošomo wa balaodi ba ke mengwaga ye e selelago ka kgonagalo ya gore ba ka kgethwa gape, eupša, maemo a mopisopo a a fapana ka ge yena a kgethwa go fihla ngwageng wa go rola modiro, e lego lebaka la mengwaga ye 65. Le ge sehlopha sa go tšea diphetho maemong a godimo se šetše se kwane bonnyane makga a mabedi gore paka ya mopišopo ya go ba ka ofising e be mengwaga ye e selelago ka kgonagalo ya go kgethwa gape, batho bao ba filwego maatla go tšenya sephetho se tirišong (e lego bapišopo), ba be ba dutše ba goga maoto tabeng ye, ba efa mabaka a go fapana a ka fao sephetho seo se ka se phethagatšwego ka gona. Taba ye ke matšhošetši a magolo go temokrasi ya kereke, gape le go tšwelopele ya kereke ka ge bapišopo ba bangwe ge ba seno kgethwa ba kwešiša gore ga ba ikarabele go motho ofe kapa ofe ka ge ba tlilo dula setulo seo go fihlela ba rola modiro.

Tlhohlo ya mafelelo ye re swanetšego go e tšweletša ke ya maemo a mošomo wa boruti wa baruti ba go iphepa (go iphediša ka go dira ditente/ ba go dira mošomo wa boruti le ye mengwe ka thoko) mo ELCSA. Gonabjalo, ELCSA e na le mehuta ye meraro ya boruti e lego bja maemobotlalo, bja go tlatša sekgala le bja go iphepa. Le ge baruti ba go iphepa ba dumeletšwe go dira mediro ye baruti ba maemobotlalo ba e dirago go swana le go rera, go etela balwetši, go boloka bahu, bjalobjalo, baruti ba go iphepa ga se ba dumelelwa go thwalwa bjalo ka baruti ba diphuthego, didini goba dipišopo. Ka fao motho a ka re go na le kgethollo ya baruti ba go iphepa mo ELCSA. Taba ye ga e nyalelane le bolutere ka ge Luther ka boyena e be e le moruti le profesa Yunibesithing ya Wittenberg. Go ya pele, ga go na le motheo wa teologi wa go thekga kgethollo ya baruti ba go iphepa. Ka fao, Kereke ya Lutere e tla swanela go amogela le go lemoga baruti ba go iphepa ka tšela yeo e amogelago le go lemoga bobedi baruti ba maemobotlalo le ba go tlatša sekgala, ge e tla ba kereke ya go sepela le mabaka.

 

Lefase la diphetogo tša Bolutere lefaseng ka bophara

Go ka akaretšwa ka go re ge palo ya Malutere e dutše e gola mo karolong ya Borwa bja lefase, kudu Afrika le Asia, gomme e fokotšega ka kudu ka leboa, Arland Jacobson le James Aegeson (2008) ba re go ka letelwa diphetogo tše di latelago: ya pele, Bolutere bo tlo šutha ya ba lekala la setšhaba la batho ba magareng le ba go ikgona ka ditšhwaro go tlo ba, gagolo, lekala la bahloki le banyatšegi. Ya bobedi, le ge se se setše se phethagala, Bolutere bo tlo tla mo bo sepetšwago le go laolwa ke batho fela.

Ya boraro, ditirelo tša Malutere di tlo tšwela pele di arogane go ya ka merafe (Kanyoro 2008:27ff.). Ya bone, Thutatumelo goba tumelo ya Malutere e ka se sa ba selo se go tšepeletšwego go sona ka ge maatla a Malutere a tlo tšepelelwa go bophelo bja tšatši ka tšatši, go rarolleng mathata a go swana le tša leago le toka, bodiidi, HIV/AIDS, go hlomamiša basadi, bjalobjalo. Ya bohlano, moela wa baruti ba baromiwa o ka no fetoga ge dikereke tša Lurete tša Yuropa le Amerika-Leboa di tšwela pele go lahlegelwa ke maloko. Ya boselela, dipoledišano ka ditumelo tša go fapafapana di tlo ba le seabe se se golago se bohlokwa magareng ga Malutere ao e lego malotana ka gare ga ditšhaba tše e sego tša Bakriste. Ya bosupa, ka moso Malutere a tlo fetogela go ba badumedi ba semoya ('ecumenical') go feta lehono. Go phetheng, ka moso ditaba tše pedi tše bohlokwa go Bolutere - thuto le go hlankela batho - go tlo ba le seabe se segolo go bophelo, kgolo, le go tšwa mahlalagading ga Bolutere lefaseng ka moka.

 

Bakgathatema

Dikgahlego tše thulanago

Mongwadi o bega gore ga a na ditswalano tše di mo amago goba tša matlotlo tše di ka bego di mo hueditše ge a ngwala taodišwana ye.

 

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Correspondence:
Elelwani Farisani
PO Box 392
Pretoria 0003, South Africa
Email: fariseb@unisa.ac.za

Received: 16 Jan. 2012
Accepted: 24 Apr. 2013
Published: 11 Sept. 2013

 

 

1.Le ge ke tlo šupa le go bolela ka United Evangelical Lutheran Church in Southern Africa (UELCSA), ye e lego ya Makgowa bogolo, mo pampiring ye ke tlo tsepelela kudu go Evangelical Lutheran Church in Southern Africa (ELCSA), e lego bogolo kereke ya Babaso.